Nowości Centrum Studiów Antymonopolowych i Regulacyjnych
Seminarium poświęcone przewadze kontraktowej 7 Marca 2018
Centrum Studiów Antymonopolowych i Regulacyjnych UW (CARS) wraz z partnerami serdecznie zaprasza na Seminarium pod tytułem Wyzwania w relacjach handlowych w łańcuchu dostaw produktów spożywczych po wejściu ustawy o przewadze kontraktowej.
Seminarium ma na celu ocenić pierwsze skutki ustawy o przeciwdziałaniu nieuczciwemu wykorzystywaniu przewagi kontraktowej w obrocie produktami rolnymi i spożywczymi, która weszła w życie 12 lipca 2017 roku, oraz dokonać analizy możliwych konsekwencji prawnych i biznesowych dla sektora żywnościowego i handlu. Seminarium odbędzie się 7 marca 2018 roku na Wydziale Zarządzania UW (ul. Szturmowa 3, 02-678 Warszawa). Wstęp bezpłatny. Prosimy o potwierdzenie obecności do dnia 28 lutego poprzez wysłanie maila na adres
Ekspertyza naukowa: Zastosowanie norm ochrony konkurencji i konsumentów przy naruszeniu przez przedsiębiorców norm antydyskryminacyjnych
Ekspertyza została sporządzona przez dr. Piotra Semeniuka afiliowanego przy CARS na zamówienie Biura Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich.
Ekspertyza naukowa CARS: Ekspertyza w sprawie wymagań dotyczących trwałego nośnika informacji w unijnych i krajowych przepisach o usługach płatniczych
Ekspertyza przygotowana przez prof. Stanisława Piątka analizuje prawne wymagania dotyczące działań dostawców usług płatniczych polegających na przekazywaniu klientom informacji kontraktowych na „trwałym nośniku”. Ekspertyza dotyczy wymaganej funkcjonalności strony internetowej jako takiego trwałego nośnika.
(3) Maciej Bernatt, Maciej Janik, 'Judicial Review of Competition Law Decisions in Poland (2004-2021): A Quantitative and Qualitative Study', Working Paper of the Centre for Antitrust and Regulatory Studies, University of Warsaw, No. 1-2023, http://dx.doi
- Tytuł: Judicial Review of Competition Law Decisions in Poland (2004-2021): A Quantitative and Qualitative Study
- Autor: Maciej Bernatt, Maciej Janik
- Seria: WORKING PAPERS (3)
- Wydawnictwo: Working Paper of the Centre for Antitrust and Regulatory Studies, University of Warsaw, No. 1-2023
- Miejsce wydania: Warszawa
- Rok wydania: 2023
- ISBN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4484063
Relying on the extensive analysis of a unique database of all available, 1196 Polish judgments rendered in appeal procedures against the decisions of the Polish competition authority (the UOKiK) applying Articles 101 and 102 TFEU or the national equivalent provisions, the present contribution reviews how the judicial review of antitrust enforcement action has developed in Poland since 2004. After presenting the Polish competition law enforcement system and describing a de novo character of judicial review in Poland, the paper presents the results of the quantitative analysis carried out on the basis of the data collected and coded in accordance with the parameters and calculation algorithms designed for the ECN+ Empirical Mapping Study. Among others, the data presented concern number of judgements according to instances, success rates and outcomes, types of substantive rules being appealed, the scope of fine reductions and admissibility criteria. Next, the qualitative analysis discusses how the intended characteristics of judicial review in Poland have actually manifested in judicial practice between 2004 and 2021. The paper shows that Poland’s experience with judicial review offers interesting lessons for other countries. It sits well between two extremes: a cassatory, legality focused model of judicial review, which tends to be formalistic and offering very limited space for the review of the substance of the competition authority’s decision, and an intrusive model of judicial review, where the determinations made by the competition authority have in practice little or no weight in proceedings before the review body. This is not to say that judicial review in Poland has no scope for improvement. The list includes, among others, challenges such as the length of judicial proceedings and its multilevel structure, limited expertise of judges and insufficient courts’ resources as well as the rule of law shortcomings in Poland.
(4) Maciej Bernatt, 'Democracy and Competition Law: Exploring Substantive and Procedural Links', Working Paper of the Centre for Antitrust and Regulatory Studies, University of Warsaw, No. 1-2024
- Tytuł: Democracy and Competition Law: Exploring Substantive and Procedural Links
- Autor: prof. Maciej Bernatt
- Seria: WORKING PAPERS (3)
- Wydawnictwo: Working Paper of the Centre for Antitrust and Regulatory Studies, University of Warsaw, No. 1-2024
- Miejsce wydania: Warszawa
- Rok wydania: 2024
- ISBN: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4757822
Against the backdrop of processes of democratic backsliding materializing in many countries in the world, the paper addresses the question about a pro-democratic role of competition law. Relying on the existing case-law, the paper distinguishes the substantive and the procedural dimensions of competition law-democracy link, and it explains that competition can play a pro-democratic role if rule of law is safeguarded. The substantive dimension of competition law-democracy link is related, first, to the competition law's role to provide a check on the use of market power by state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and private firms present on the markets where economic and political power is intermingled. Second, the substantive dimension is about competition law's role to safeguard that private firms, in particular digital platforms and media companies, give consumers an access to diverse sources of information (pluralism). Third, it is about competition law's role to promote socioeconomic and environmental values once they are enshrined in national constitutions. As far as a procedural dimension of competition law-democracy link is concerned, the paper explains that it is related to rule of law as a key democratic value. In particular, the institutional organization and procedures in competition law aim at safeguarding rule of law so as decision-making of competition authorities and courts is protected against political pressure and capture by private interest. The paper has the following structure. First, it explains that despite the disagreement about what exact goals competition law serves, it can be understood as an area of law which has an important public interest role to play which may include a pro-democratic role. Second, it analyzes the substantive and procedural links between competition law and democracy. Third, it discusses substantive and procedural links between competition law and democracy in practice. Two media merger transactions which were subject to review by Polish competition authority and courts are analyzed in this respect as an illustration.
Artykuł jest dostępny tutaj.
(5) Maciej Bernatt, 'Politicization of Competition Agencies: In Search of an Analytical Framework Fit for Trump Era, Working Papers of the Centre for Antitrust and Regulatory Studies, University of Warsaw, No. 1-2025
- Tytuł: Politicization of Competition Agencies: In Search of an Analytical Framework Fit for Trump Era
- Autor: prof. Maciej Bernatt
- Seria: WORKING PAPERS (4)
- Wydawnictwo: Working Papers of the Centre for Antitrust and Regulatory Studies, University of Warsaw, No. 1-2025
- Miejsce wydania: Warszawa
- Rok wydania: 2025
- ISBN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5375480
The paper proposes an analytical framework to examine the politicization of competition agencies. It aims to clarify how to distinguish between forms of politicization that can be perceived as neutral and those that pose systemic risks to these agencies. The paper explains that such risks arise when politicization involves the implementation of illiberal politics-that is, politics that reject key tenets of constitutional democracy and entail the arbitrary use of state economic powers-thereby undermining the rule-of-law-based character of competition law enforcement. The description of patterns of this impermissible politicization (referred to as the 'illiberal blueprint') is intended to help identify when red lines have been crossed. The illiberal blueprint includes, among other features, interference in the competition agency's decision-making processes, erosion of its independence, attrition of senior staff, restrictions on the scope of the agency's powers, politically motivated enforcement, self-restraint in cases involving politically connected firms, as well as political pressure on courts and judges. The paper draws on lessons from Hungary and Poland and compares them with recent developments in the U.S. since January 2025, particularly those involving the Federal Trade Commission. The article tentatively concludes that the patterns emerging in the U.S. today are not unique but align with those observed in other countries experiencing democratic backsliding and rule of law crisis.
Artykuł jest dostępny tutaj.
(6) Piotr Oliński, Non-Economic Goals of Competition Law in the Light of the European Union’s Economic Constitution: in Search for the Axiological Framework
- Tytuł: Non-Economic Goals of Competition Law in the Light of the European Union’s Economic Constitution: in Search for the Axiological Framework
- Autor: Piotr Oliński
- Seria: WORKING PAPERS (5)
- Wydawnictwo: Working Papers of the Centre for Antitrust and Regulatory Studies, University of Warsaw, No. 2-2025
- Miejsce wydania: Warszawa
- Rok wydania: 2025
- ISBN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5400157
Since the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty, the social market economy has been established as an objective of the EU internal market. It is also rooted in the constitutions and constitutional traditions of several Member States. This article interprets the concept of the social market economy as the economic constitution of the European Union, following the methodology developed by the Freiburg School of Law and Economics. According to this approach, all economic policy decisions should align with the chosen economic order. This interpretation is presented in light of underdeveloped jurisprudence and limited doctrinal contributions, revealing gaps in both legal scholarship and case law. The article explores the objectives and limits of competition law within the framework of the EU’s economic constitution. It then applies this framework to ongoing debates about broadening the aims of competition law beyond the traditional focus on economic efficiency. The article discusses potential justifications for including broader public interest considerations in competition law, as well as their limits. It argues that the concept of the economic constitution can serve as a valuable analytical tool for addressing contemporary challenges in competition law and policy.
Artykuł jest dostępny tutaj.
(7) Antoni Napieralski, Between Procedural Autonomy and Sincere Cooperation. Understanding the Self-Citation Practice of the Court of Justice of the EU
- Tytuł: Between Procedural Autonomy and Sincere Cooperation. Understanding the Self-Citation Practice of the Court of Justice of the EU
- Autor: Antoni Napieralski
- Seria: WORKING PAPERS (7)
- Wydawnictwo: Working Papers of the Centre for Antitrust and Regulatory Studies, University of Warsaw, No. 1-2026
- Miejsce wydania: Warszawa
- Rok wydania: 2026
- ISBN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5936198
The article examines how the principle of procedural autonomy was introduced and then incrementally modified by the Court of Justice of the EU through its self-citation practice. Doctrinal analysis of the jurisprudence of the CJEU is combined with evidence-based methods. Three conclusions are drawn. First, that the principle of procedural autonomy is anchored in the principle of sincere cooperation. Further, that the principle of procedural autonomy was introduced to the case law in 1998, by means of a silent, incremental change of a self-citation. Finally, that procedural autonomy was linked by the CJEU to the 1976 Rewe judgment, which is silent on procedural autonomy. Accordingly, this article argues that procedural autonomy should be read not as Member States' safe harbour, but as Member States' duty to ensure effective enforcement of EU law.
Artykuł jest dostępny tutaj.
Prof. Anna Piszcz – nowym redaktorem naczelnym iKAR
Na wniosek Dyrektora CARS, prof. dr hab. Tadeusz Skocznego, Dziekan Wydziału Zarządzania UW, prof. dr hab. Alojzy Z. Nowak, powierzył – z dniem 1 stycznia 2018 r. – funkcję Redaktora Naczelnego internetowego Kwartalnika Antymonopolowego i Regulacyjnego (iKAR) dr hab. Annie Piszcz, prof. UwB, p.o. Kierownika Katedry Prawa Gospodarczego Publicznego Wydz. Prawa Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku.
Dr Maciej Bernatt – nowym redaktorem naczelnym YARS
Na wniosek Dyrektora CARS, prof. dr hab. Tadeusz Skocznego, Dziekan Wydziału Zarządzania U, prof. dr hab. Alojzy Z. Nowak, powierzył – z dniem 1 stycznia 2018 r. – funkcję Redaktora Naczelnego YARS® dr. Maciejowi Bernattowi z Zakładu Europejskiego Prawa Gospodarczego Wydziału Zarządzania UW i sekretarzowi naukowemu CARS.
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